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Mathematics Class 7 - Practical Geometry Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 7 - Practical Geometry olympiad preparation

Practical Geometry

Welcome to the chapter on Practical Geometry for Class 7. In this chapter, you will learn how to use geometric tools to draw shapes, angles, and constructions. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to use a ruler, compass, and protractor to make accurate geometric figures and solve construction problems!

Introduction

Practical geometry is about drawing and constructing shapes using tools like a ruler, compass, and protractor. You will learn step-by-step methods to make lines, angles, triangles, and other figures.

Geometric Tools

  • Ruler: Used to draw straight lines and measure lengths.
  • Compass: Used to draw circles and arcs.
  • Protractor: Used to measure and draw angles.
  • Set Squares: Used to draw perpendicular and parallel lines.

Basic Constructions

  • Drawing a line segment of given length
  • Constructing an angle of given measure
  • Bisecting a line segment
  • Bisecting an angle
  • Drawing perpendicular lines
  • Drawing parallel lines

Constructing Triangles

You can construct triangles when given:

  • Three sides (SSS)
  • Two sides and the included angle (SAS)
  • Two angles and the included side (ASA)

Follow the steps using ruler and compass for each case.

Fun Activity: Geometry Art!

Use your compass and ruler to create patterns with circles and straight lines. Color your design and share it with your friends!

Summary

  • Practical geometry uses tools to draw and construct shapes.
  • Learn to use ruler, compass, and protractor for accurate drawings.
  • Practice basic constructions and triangle constructions.

Practice Questions

  1. Draw a line segment of 6 cm using a ruler.
  2. Construct an angle of 60° using a compass and ruler.
  3. Bisect a line segment of 8 cm.
  4. Draw a triangle with sides 5 cm, 6 cm, and 7 cm.
  5. Draw a perpendicular from a point to a line.

Challenge Yourself

  • Construct a triangle with two sides and the included angle.
  • Draw parallel lines using set squares.

Did You Know?

  • The compass was invented over 2,000 years ago!
  • Architects use practical geometry to design buildings.

Glossary

  • Compass: Tool for drawing circles and arcs.
  • Protractor: Tool for measuring angles.
  • Bisect: To divide into two equal parts.
  • Perpendicular: Lines that meet at 90°.
  • Parallel: Lines that never meet.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. Draw a straight line of 6 cm using a ruler.
  2. Use compass to construct 60° angle (draw an arc, mark points, join).
  3. Use compass to bisect the 8 cm segment.
  4. Draw triangle with sides 5 cm, 6 cm, and 7 cm using ruler and compass.
  5. Use compass and ruler to draw a perpendicular from a point to a line.

Practice practical geometry to become skilled at drawing and constructing shapes!

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