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General Knowledge Class 9 - Science And-Technology Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 9 - Science And-Technology olympiad preparation

Science and Technology

Welcome to the chapter on Science and Technology for Class 9. In this chapter, you will learn about important scientific discoveries, inventions, and the latest advancements in technology. By the end of this chapter, you will understand how science and technology shape our world and improve our lives.

Introduction

Science helps us understand the world around us, while technology uses this knowledge to create tools and solve problems. Together, they make our lives easier, safer, and more interesting.

Key Concepts

  • Science: The study of the natural world through observation and experiments.
  • Technology: The use of scientific knowledge to invent tools and machines.
  • Innovation: Creating new ideas, products, or ways of doing things.

Recent Scientific Discoveries

  • Discovery of new exoplanets in space.
  • Advances in genetics and DNA research.
  • Development of new vaccines and medicines.
  • Breakthroughs in renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.

Latest Technology Trends

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning.
  • 5G networks for faster internet.
  • Electric and self-driving vehicles.
  • Robotics in industries and healthcare.
  • Smartphones and wearable technology.

Famous Scientists and Inventors

  • Albert Einstein: Theory of relativity.
  • Marie Curie: Research on radioactivity.
  • Thomas Edison: Invented the electric bulb.
  • C.V. Raman: Discovered the Raman Effect.
  • Ada Lovelace: First computer programmer.

Applications of Science and Technology

  • Communication (mobile phones, internet)
  • Healthcare (MRI, X-rays, medicines)
  • Transportation (cars, trains, airplanes)
  • Education (online learning, smart boards)
  • Environment (solar panels, water purification)

Practice Questions

  1. Name two recent inventions in technology.
  2. Who discovered the Raman Effect?
  3. What is Artificial Intelligence?
  4. How does science help in healthcare?
  5. Give one example of renewable energy.

Challenge Yourself

  • Find out about a new scientific discovery and write a short note on it.
  • List three ways technology has changed your daily life.

Did You Know?

  • The first computer was as big as a room and much slower than today’s smartphones!
  • Solar energy is one of the cleanest sources of power.

Glossary

  • Exoplanet: A planet outside our solar system.
  • Artificial Intelligence: The ability of machines to think and learn like humans.
  • Renewable Energy: Energy from sources that do not run out, like the sun or wind.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. Electric cars, 5G networks (any two recent inventions).
  2. C.V. Raman.
  3. The ability of computers or machines to do tasks that need human intelligence.
  4. By providing better medicines, machines for diagnosis, and treatments.
  5. Solar energy (or wind energy).

Stay curious! Science and technology are always changing and making our world better.

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