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Science Class 10 - Our Environment-And-Its-Management Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 10 - Our Environment-And-Its-Management olympiad preparation

Our Environment and Its Management

Welcome to the chapter on Our Environment and Its Management for Class 10. In this chapter, you will learn what the environment is, why it is important, the problems it faces, and how we can manage and protect it. By the end of this chapter, you will understand your role in keeping the environment clean and healthy.

Introduction

The environment is everything around us—air, water, land, plants, animals, and people. A healthy environment is necessary for all living things to survive and grow. Human activities can harm the environment, but we can also help protect it.

Components of the Environment

  • Biotic components: Living things like plants, animals, and microorganisms.
  • Abiotic components: Non-living things like air, water, soil, and sunlight.

Environmental Problems

  • Pollution: Air, water, and soil pollution caused by factories, vehicles, and waste.
  • Deforestation: Cutting down trees, which leads to loss of forests and wildlife.
  • Global warming: Increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases.
  • Loss of biodiversity: Disappearance of different kinds of plants and animals.

Managing Our Environment

  • Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Use less, use things again, and recycle waste.
  • Afforestation: Plant more trees to increase green cover.
  • Conservation: Protect natural resources like water, soil, and wildlife.
  • Waste management: Proper disposal and treatment of waste to reduce pollution.
  • Use of clean energy: Solar, wind, and hydro power instead of fossil fuels.

Role of Individuals and Society

  • Save water and electricity at home and school.
  • Do not litter; use dustbins and recycle waste.
  • Participate in tree plantation drives.
  • Spread awareness about environmental protection.

Practice Questions

  1. What are the main components of the environment?
  2. Name two causes of environmental pollution.
  3. What is global warming?
  4. How can we manage waste at home?
  5. Why is afforestation important?

Challenge Yourself

  • Make a poster on "Save the Environment".
  • List five things you can do every day to protect the environment.

Did You Know?

  • The Earth Day is celebrated on 22nd April every year to spread awareness about environmental protection.
  • One large tree can provide a day's supply of oxygen for four people!

Glossary

  • Pollution: Making air, water, or soil dirty and unsafe.
  • Biodiversity: The variety of living things in an area.
  • Afforestation: Planting new trees in an area.
  • Conservation: Saving and protecting natural resources.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. Biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
  2. Factory smoke, vehicle emissions, plastic waste, etc. (any two)
  3. Global warming is the rise in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases.
  4. By reducing, reusing, and recycling waste; using dustbins; composting kitchen waste.
  5. Afforestation increases green cover, gives us oxygen, and helps prevent soil erosion.

Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. Start today and make a difference!

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