Science Class 6 - Food And-Its-Components Notes

Food and Its Components

Welcome to the chapter on Food and Its Components for Class 6. In this chapter, you will learn about the different components of food, why they are important, and how they help our body. By the end of this chapter, you will understand the role of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage in keeping us healthy!

Introduction

Food gives us energy, helps us grow, and keeps us healthy. Our food is made up of different components, each with a special job in our body.

Main Components of Food

• Carbohydrates: Give us energy. Found in rice, bread, potatoes, and sugar.
• Proteins: Help us grow and repair our body. Found in eggs, milk, pulses, fish, and meat.
• Fats: Give us energy and keep us warm. Found in butter, oil, nuts, and cheese.
• Vitamins: Keep our body healthy and protect us from diseases. Found in fruits and vegetables.
• Minerals: Help our body work well. Found in milk, green leafy vegetables, salt, and fruits.
• Water: Needed for all body functions. We must drink enough water every day.
• Roughage (Fiber): Helps in digestion. Found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Why Do We Need Different Components?

• Carbohydrates and fats give us energy to work and play.
• Proteins help us grow and heal wounds.
• Vitamins and minerals keep our body healthy and strong.
• Water keeps us hydrated and helps in digestion.
• Roughage helps our stomach work well and prevents constipation.

Balanced Diet

A balanced diet has all the components of food in the right amount. Eating a balanced diet keeps us fit and healthy.

• Eat a variety of foods: grains, pulses, fruits, vegetables, milk, and meat.
• Avoid eating too much junk food.
• Drink plenty of water.

Fun Activity: Make a Food Chart!

Make a chart of what you eat in a day. Check if you are eating all the components of food!

Summary

• Food has many components: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage.
• Each component has a special job in our body.
• A balanced diet keeps us healthy and strong.

Practice Questions

1. Name two foods rich in proteins.
2. Why do we need vitamins?
3. What is roughage? Name one food that has roughage.
4. Why is water important for our body?
5. What is a balanced diet?

Challenge Yourself

• List three foods that give you energy.
• Make a weekly meal plan with all components of food.

Did You Know?

• Vitamin C is found in oranges and helps heal wounds.
• Calcium is a mineral that makes our bones strong.

Glossary

• Carbohydrate: Energy-giving part of food.
• Protein: Body-building part of food.
• Vitamin: Protects us from diseases.
• Mineral: Helps our body work well.
• Roughage: Helps in digestion.
• Balanced Diet: Food with all components in the right amount.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. Eggs, pulses (any two: milk, fish, meat, beans).
2. Vitamins keep our body healthy and protect us from diseases.
3. Roughage is fiber that helps in digestion. Example: fruits, vegetables, whole grains.
4. Water helps in digestion, keeps us hydrated, and is needed for all body functions.
5. A balanced diet has all the components of food in the right amount.

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Eat a balanced diet every day to stay healthy and strong!