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Science Class 6 - Motion And-Measurement-Of-Distances Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 6 - Motion And-Measurement-Of-Distances olympiad preparation

Motion and Measurement of Distances

Welcome to the chapter on Motion and Measurement of Distances for Class 6. In this chapter, you will learn what motion is, how things move, and how we measure distances. By the end of this chapter, you will understand different types of motion and know how to measure distances using various tools!

Introduction

Motion means movement. When something changes its position, it is said to be in motion. We measure how far something moves using units of distance.

What is Motion?

  • Motion is the change in position of an object over time.
  • Examples: A car moving on the road, a ball rolling, a bird flying.

Types of Motion

  • Rectilinear Motion: Moving in a straight line (e.g., a train on tracks).
  • Circular Motion: Moving in a circle (e.g., a fan blade).
  • Periodic Motion: Repeating movement after a fixed time (e.g., a pendulum).
  • Random Motion: Moving in any direction (e.g., a butterfly flying).

Measuring Distances

We use different tools to measure distances, such as rulers, measuring tapes, and meter scales. The standard unit of distance is the metre (m).

  • Short distances: measured in centimetres (cm) or metres (m).
  • Long distances: measured in kilometres (km).

Units of Measurement

  • Millimetre (mm): Very small lengths.
  • Centimetre (cm): 1 cm = 10 mm.
  • Metre (m): 1 m = 100 cm.
  • Kilometre (km): 1 km = 1000 m.

Tools for Measuring

  • Ruler: Used for measuring small lengths.
  • Measuring tape: Used for longer distances.
  • Metre scale: Used for measuring in metres.

Fun Activity: Measure and Move!

Use a ruler or measuring tape to measure the length of your desk, book, or room. Try to find objects that show different types of motion around you!

Summary

  • Motion is movement from one place to another.
  • There are different types of motion: rectilinear, circular, periodic, and random.
  • Distances are measured using standard units and tools.

Practice Questions

  1. What is motion?
  2. Name two tools used for measuring distance.
  3. What type of motion does a clock’s hands show?
  4. How many centimetres are there in a metre?
  5. Give an example of periodic motion.

Challenge Yourself

  • Measure the length of five objects in your home and write their measurements.
  • List three examples of circular motion you see every day.

Did You Know?

  • The longest road in India is the National Highway 44!
  • Earth moves around the sun in a circular motion.

Glossary

  • Motion: Movement from one place to another.
  • Distance: How far something moves.
  • Unit: A standard way to measure something.
  • Periodic Motion: Motion that repeats after a fixed time.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. Motion is the change in position of an object over time.
  2. Ruler, measuring tape (any two).
  3. Circular motion.
  4. 100 centimetres.
  5. A pendulum swinging.

Observe motion and measure distances around you to become a science explorer!

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