ICT Notes for Class 10 Database Management-System

Database Management System (DBMS)

Welcome to the chapter on Database Management System (DBMS) for Class 10. In this chapter, you will learn what a database is, why we use databases, and how a DBMS helps us store, organize, and manage data efficiently. By the end of this chapter, you will understand the basics of databases and how they are used in real life.

Introduction

A database is a collection of organized information or data. A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that helps us create, manage, and use databases easily and securely.

Why Do We Need a Database?

To store large amounts of data in an organized way.
To quickly search, update, and retrieve information.
To keep data safe and secure.
To avoid repeating the same data (no duplication).

Examples of Databases

School records (students, teachers, marks)
Bank accounts
Library catalogues
Online shopping websites

What is a DBMS?

A DBMS is a software tool that helps us create, store, modify, and retrieve data from a database. Examples of DBMS are MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft Access, and SQLite.

Main Functions of a DBMS

Creating databases and tables
Inserting, updating, and deleting data
Searching and sorting data
Protecting data with passwords and permissions
Backing up and restoring data

Components of a Database

Table: Stores data in rows and columns.
Field: A column in a table (like Name, Age).
Record: A row in a table (all information about one person or thing).
Primary Key: A unique value that identifies each record.

Advantages of Using a DBMS

Easy to store and manage large data
Quick search and retrieval of information
Data security and privacy
No data duplication
Multiple users can access data at the same time

Fun Activity: Create a Mini Database

Make a table on paper with columns like Name, Age, and Class. Fill in details for your friends. This is how a database table looks!

Summary

A database stores data in an organized way.
A DBMS helps us manage and use databases easily.
Tables, fields, and records are important parts of a database.
DBMS makes data handling fast, safe, and easy.

Practice Questions

What is a database?
Name two examples of DBMS software.
What is a table in a database?
Why do we use a primary key?
List two advantages of using a DBMS.

Challenge Yourself

Draw a table with three fields and fill in data for three people.
Find out which DBMS is used in your school or local library.

Did You Know?

The world's largest databases store information for social media and search engines!
SQL (Structured Query Language) is used to talk to most databases.

Glossary

Database: An organized collection of data.
DBMS: Software to manage databases.
Table: A set of data arranged in rows and columns.
Primary Key: A unique identifier for each record in a table.

Answers to Practice Questions

A database is an organized collection of data.
MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft Access, SQLite (any two).
A table stores data in rows and columns.
To uniquely identify each record in a table.
Quick search, data security, no duplication, multiple users (any two).

Databases are everywhere! Learn how to use them to organize and protect information.

ICT Class 10 - Database Management-System Notes