Science Class 4 - Earth And-Universe Notes

Earth and Universe

Welcome to the chapter on Earth and Universe for Class 4. In this chapter, you will learn about our planet Earth, the solar system, and the universe. By the end of this chapter, you will know about planets, stars, and other amazing things in space!

Introduction

The Earth is our home. It is a planet in the solar system. The universe is everything around us—planets, stars, moons, and galaxies. Let’s explore the wonders of space!

Our Planet Earth

• Earth is the third planet from the Sun.
• It has land, water, and air.
• Earth is the only planet known to have life.
• It has one moon.

The Solar System

• The Sun is at the center of the solar system.
• There are eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
• Planets move around the Sun.
• Some planets have moons.

Stars and Other Objects

• Stars are huge balls of hot gases. The Sun is a star.
• We see many stars in the night sky.
• Comets and asteroids also move in space.
• Galaxies are groups of stars, dust, and gas.

The Universe

• The universe is very big and has billions of stars and planets.
• Our galaxy is called the Milky Way.
• Scientists study the universe using telescopes and rockets.

Fun Activity: Make a Solar System Model

Use clay or paper to make the Sun and planets. Arrange them in order and label each planet!

Summary

• Earth is a planet in the solar system.
• The solar system has the Sun, planets, and moons.
• Stars, comets, and galaxies are part of the universe.
• Scientists use telescopes to study space.

Practice Questions

1. Name the planet we live on.
2. What is the center of the solar system?
3. How many planets are there in the solar system?
4. What is a galaxy?
5. Which is the nearest star to Earth?

Challenge Yourself

• Draw and label the eight planets of the solar system.
• Find out the name of one comet or asteroid.

Did You Know?

• Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system!
• The Sun gives us light and heat.
• Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the Moon.

Glossary

• Planet: A large round object that moves around the Sun.
• Star: A big ball of hot gases that gives off light.
• Galaxy: A group of stars, dust, and gas.
• Universe: Everything that exists—planets, stars, space.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. Earth
2. The Sun
3. Eight
4. A group of stars, dust, and gas.
5. The Sun

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The universe is full of wonders! Keep exploring and learning about space.