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Science Class 5 - Matter And-Materials Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 5 - Matter And-Materials olympiad preparation

Matter and Materials

Welcome to the chapter on Matter and Materials for Class 5. In this chapter, you will learn what matter is, the different states of matter, and about materials we use every day. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to identify types of matter and materials and understand their properties!

Introduction

Everything around us is made of matter. Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space. Materials are different kinds of matter that we use in our daily life.

States of Matter

  • Solid: Has a fixed shape and size. Example: Wood, stone, ice.
  • Liquid: Has no fixed shape but has a fixed volume. Example: Water, milk, oil.
  • Gas: Has no fixed shape or volume. Example: Air, steam, oxygen.

Properties of Materials

  • Some materials are hard (iron, stone).
  • Some are soft (cotton, sponge).
  • Some can float in water (plastic, wood), while others sink (stone, metal).
  • Some materials can bend (rubber), while others break easily (glass).

Uses of Materials

  • Wood is used to make furniture.
  • Metal is used to make cars, machines, and tools.
  • Plastic is used for bottles, bags, and toys.
  • Glass is used for windows and bottles.
  • Cotton is used for clothes.

Fun Activity: Material Hunt!

Look around your home and list five things. Write what material each thing is made of (wood, metal, plastic, glass, cotton, etc.).

Summary

  • Matter is everything that has weight and takes up space.
  • There are three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
  • Materials have different properties and uses.

Practice Questions

  1. Name the three states of matter.
  2. Give two examples of solids.
  3. What material is used to make windows?
  4. Which material is soft: stone or cotton?
  5. Does air have weight?

Challenge Yourself

  • Find three things at home that can float in water.
  • Draw and label the three states of matter.

Did You Know?

  • Water can be a solid (ice), liquid (water), or gas (steam)!
  • Air is a mixture of many gases.

Glossary

  • Matter: Anything that has weight and takes up space.
  • Material: The substance something is made of.
  • Solid: State of matter with fixed shape and size.
  • Liquid: State of matter with fixed volume but no fixed shape.
  • Gas: State of matter with no fixed shape or volume.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. Solid, liquid, gas.
  2. Wood, stone (any two solids).
  3. Glass.
  4. Cotton.
  5. Yes.

Explore the world of matter and materials around you every day!

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