English Class 4 - Conjunctions And-Contractions Notes

Conjunctions and Contractions

Welcome to the chapter on Conjunctions and Contractions for Class 4. In this chapter, you will learn how to join sentences using conjunctions and how to make words shorter using contractions. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to use conjunctions and contractions correctly in your writing!

Introduction

Conjunctions help us join words or sentences together. Contractions make words shorter by joining two words and using an apostrophe. Both make our writing smoother and easier to read.

What are Conjunctions?

Conjunctions are joining words. They connect words, phrases, or sentences.

• and – joins similar ideas (I like apples and oranges.)
• but – shows difference (I am tall but my brother is short.)
• or – gives a choice (Do you want tea or coffee?)
• because – gives a reason (I am happy because it is my birthday.)
• so – shows result (It was raining, so we stayed inside.)

What are Contractions?

Contractions are short forms made by joining two words and using an apostrophe ('). They make speaking and writing faster and easier.

• can not → can't
• do not → don't
• I am → I'm
• he is → he's
• we will → we'll
• they are → they're

Fun Activity: Join and Shorten!

Write two short sentences and join them using a conjunction. Then, write two words and make a contraction. Example:
I am happy. I am playing. → I am happy and playing.
She is → she's

Summary

• Conjunctions join words or sentences.
• Contractions make words shorter using an apostrophe.
• Both help make writing and speaking easier.

Practice Questions

1. Join these sentences using "and": I have a pen. I have a pencil.
2. Join these sentences using "but": She is small. She is strong.
3. Write the contraction for "do not".
4. Write the contraction for "we will".
5. Make a sentence using "because".

Challenge Yourself

• Write three sentences using different conjunctions.
• List five contractions and write their full forms.

Did You Know?

• Conjunctions are also called "joining words".
• Contractions are used more in speaking and informal writing.

Glossary

• Conjunction: A word that joins words or sentences.
• Contraction: A short form made by joining two words and using an apostrophe.
• Apostrophe: A mark (') used in contractions.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. I have a pen and a pencil.
2. She is small but she is strong.
3. don't
4. we'll
5. (Example: I am happy because I won a prize.)

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Use conjunctions and contractions to make your English smooth and smart!