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ICT Class 9 - Introduction To-Scratch Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 9 - Introduction To-Scratch olympiad preparation

Introduction to Scratch

Welcome to the chapter on Introduction to Scratch for Class 9. In this chapter, you will learn what Scratch is, how to use its interface, and how to create simple programs using blocks. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to make your own animations and games using Scratch!

What is Scratch?

Scratch is a visual programming language developed by MIT. It allows you to create stories, games, and animations by snapping together blocks of code. Scratch is easy to use and helps you learn programming concepts in a fun way.

Scratch Interface

  • Stage: The area where your project runs and sprites move.
  • Sprite: Characters or objects that you can control and animate.
  • Blocks Palette: Contains all the coding blocks you can use.
  • Script Area: Where you drag and snap blocks to create code.
  • Toolbar: Tools to save, load, and manage your project.

Types of Blocks in Scratch

  • Motion: Move and turn sprites.
  • Looks: Change the appearance of sprites.
  • Sound: Play sounds and music.
  • Events: Start scripts when something happens (like clicking the green flag).
  • Control: Repeat actions, wait, or make decisions.
  • Sensing: Detect things like touching or mouse position.
  • Operators: Math and logic blocks.
  • Variables: Store and change values.

How to Create a Simple Project

  1. Open Scratch and create a new project.
  2. Choose or draw a sprite.
  3. Drag blocks from the palette to the script area.
  4. Snap blocks together to make your sprite move or talk.
  5. Click the green flag to run your project.

Fun Activity: Make Your Sprite Move

Try making your sprite move 10 steps when you click the green flag. Use the when green flag clicked block and the move 10 steps block.

Summary

  • Scratch is a visual programming language for creating stories, games, and animations.
  • You use blocks to build code in Scratch.
  • The interface has a stage, sprites, blocks palette, and script area.

Practice Questions

  1. What is a sprite in Scratch?
  2. Name two types of blocks in Scratch.
  3. What does the stage show?
  4. How do you make a sprite move?
  5. What happens when you click the green flag?

Challenge Yourself

  • Create a Scratch project where a cat sprite says "Hello!" and moves across the stage.
  • Add sound to your project when the sprite is clicked.

Did You Know?

  • Scratch is used by millions of students around the world!
  • You can share your Scratch projects online with friends.

Glossary

  • Sprite: A character or object in Scratch.
  • Stage: The area where your project runs.
  • Block: A command you use to build code in Scratch.
  • Script: A set of blocks snapped together to make something happen.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. A sprite is a character or object you can control in Scratch.
  2. Motion blocks, Looks blocks (any two: Sound, Events, Control, Sensing, Operators, Variables).
  3. The stage shows what happens in your project.
  4. By using motion blocks like "move 10 steps".
  5. The project starts running.

Explore Scratch and start creating your own stories, games, and animations!

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