English Class 8 - Verbs And-Phrasal-Verbs Notes

Verbs and Phrasal Verbs

Welcome to the chapter on Verbs and Phrasal Verbs for Class 8. In this chapter, you will learn about verbs, their types, and how phrasal verbs are used in English. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to identify, use, and understand verbs and phrasal verbs in sentences and passages!

Introduction

Verbs are action words. They tell us what someone or something does. Phrasal verbs are special phrases made up of a verb and one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs) that change the meaning of the verb.

Types of Verbs

• Main Verbs: Show the main action or state (run, eat, think).
• Helping Verbs: Help the main verb (is, am, are, was, were, have, has, had, will, shall).
• Transitive Verbs: Need an object (She reads a book).
• Intransitive Verbs: Do not need an object (He sleeps).

What are Phrasal Verbs?

A phrasal verb is a verb combined with a preposition or adverb that gives a new meaning.

• Give up: Stop trying ("She gave up smoking.")
• Look after: Take care of ("He looks after his brother.")
• Turn on: Start something ("Please turn on the lights.")
• Run out of: Have no more left ("We ran out of milk.")
• Put off: Delay ("They put off the meeting.")

How to Use Phrasal Verbs

• Some phrasal verbs are separable: "Turn off the TV" or "Turn the TV off".
• Some are inseparable: "Look after your pet" (not "Look your pet after").
• The meaning of a phrasal verb is often different from the meaning of the verb alone.

Fun Activity: Phrasal Verb Match!

Write down five phrasal verbs and their meanings. Make sentences using each one. Share with your classmates!

Summary

• Verbs show actions or states.
• Phrasal verbs are verbs with prepositions or adverbs that change their meaning.
• Use phrasal verbs to make your English more natural and expressive.

Practice Questions

1. Identify the verb and phrasal verb in the sentence: "She gave up her seat."
2. Make a sentence using the phrasal verb "run out of".
3. Choose the correct phrasal verb: "Can you _____ the radio?" (turn on / look after)
4. Write two examples of helping verbs.
5. Explain the difference between a transitive and intransitive verb with examples.

Challenge Yourself

• List five phrasal verbs you hear in movies or songs.
• Write a short paragraph using at least three phrasal verbs.

Did You Know?

• There are hundreds of phrasal verbs in English!
• Native speakers use phrasal verbs every day in conversation.

Glossary

• Verb: A word that shows action or state.
• Phrasal Verb: A verb plus a preposition or adverb with a new meaning.
• Transitive Verb: A verb that needs an object.
• Intransitive Verb: A verb that does not need an object.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. Verb: gave; Phrasal verb: gave up
2. We ran out of sugar while baking.
3. turn on
4. is, have
5. Transitive: She reads a book. Intransitive: He sleeps.

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Use verbs and phrasal verbs to make your English powerful and clear!