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English Class 8 - Voices And-Narrations Notes

Comprehensive study notes for Class 8 - Voices And-Narrations olympiad preparation

Voices and Narrations

Welcome to the chapter on Voices and Narrations for Class 8. In this chapter, you will learn about Active and Passive Voice, as well as Direct and Indirect Narration. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to change sentences from active to passive voice and from direct to indirect speech with confidence!

Introduction

In English, we can say the same thing in different ways. Voices and narrations help us express ideas clearly and correctly. Let’s learn how to use them!

Active and Passive Voice

Voice shows whether the subject of a sentence does the action (active) or receives the action (passive).

  • Active Voice: The subject does the action.
    Example: The boy kicked the ball.
  • Passive Voice: The subject receives the action.
    Example: The ball was kicked by the boy.

How to Change Active to Passive Voice

  • Move the object to the front.
  • Use a form of "be" (is, am, are, was, were, etc.) + past participle.
  • Add "by" before the subject (if needed).

Example: She writes a letter. → A letter is written by her.

Direct and Indirect Narration

Narration is how we report what someone said. There are two types:

  • Direct Speech: The exact words spoken.
    Example: He said, "I am going home."
  • Indirect Speech: The meaning of what was said, not the exact words.
    Example: He said that he was going home.

How to Change Direct to Indirect Speech

  • Remove quotation marks.
  • Change pronouns and verb tense as needed.
  • Use words like "that", "if", or "whether".

Example: She said, "I like apples." → She said that she liked apples.

Fun Activity: Change the Sentences!

Write five sentences in active voice and change them to passive voice. Write three sentences in direct speech and change them to indirect speech.

Summary

  • Active voice: subject does the action.
  • Passive voice: subject receives the action.
  • Direct speech: exact words spoken.
  • Indirect speech: reported meaning.

Practice Questions

  1. Change to passive voice: The teacher teaches the lesson.
  2. Change to active voice: The cake was eaten by the children.
  3. Change to indirect speech: He said, "I will come tomorrow."
  4. Change to direct speech: She said that she was tired.
  5. Change to passive voice: The gardener waters the plants.

Challenge Yourself

  • Write a short paragraph using both active and passive voice.
  • Report a conversation using direct and indirect speech.

Did You Know?

  • Passive voice is often used in news reports and scientific writing.
  • Changing narration helps us report what others say in different ways.

Glossary

  • Voice: Shows if the subject does or receives the action.
  • Narration: Reporting what someone said.
  • Active Voice: Subject does the action.
  • Passive Voice: Subject receives the action.
  • Direct Speech: Exact words spoken.
  • Indirect Speech: Reported meaning of words.

Answers to Practice Questions

  1. The lesson is taught by the teacher.
  2. The children ate the cake.
  3. He said that he would come the next day.
  4. She said, "I am tired."
  5. The plants are watered by the gardener.

Practice changing voices and narrations to make your English strong and clear!

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