English Class 9 - Conjunctions Notes

Conjunctions

Welcome to the chapter on Conjunctions for Class 9. In this chapter, you will learn what conjunctions are, how to use them to join words, phrases, and sentences, and how they make your writing clearer and more interesting. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to use different types of conjunctions correctly in your writing!

Introduction

Conjunctions are words that join other words, phrases, or sentences together. They help us connect ideas and make our writing flow smoothly.

Types of Conjunctions

• Coordinating Conjunctions: Join words or groups of words that are equal. Examples: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet.
• Subordinating Conjunctions: Join a dependent clause to an independent clause. Examples: because, although, if, when, since, unless, while, after, before.
• Correlative Conjunctions: Used in pairs to join equal elements. Examples: either...or, neither...nor, both...and, not only...but also.

Examples

• I want tea and coffee. (Coordinating)
• She was tired, but she finished her homework. (Coordinating)
• You can have ice cream if you finish your dinner. (Subordinating)
• Both Sam and Rita are coming to the party. (Correlative)

How to Use Conjunctions

• Use and to add information: "He likes apples and oranges."
• Use but to show contrast: "She is tall but her brother is short."
• Use or to show choice: "Would you like tea or coffee?"
• Use subordinating conjunctions to show cause, time, or condition: "I will call you when I arrive."

Fun Activity: Join the Sentences!

Take two short sentences and join them using a conjunction. Example: "I was late. I ran fast." → "I was late, so I ran fast."

Summary

• Conjunctions join words, phrases, or sentences.
• There are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions.
• Using conjunctions makes writing smoother and clearer.

Practice Questions

1. Join these sentences using "and": "She likes music. She likes dance."
2. Join these sentences using "but": "He is rich. He is not happy."
3. Fill in the blank: "You can come with us ___ you want."
4. Use a correlative conjunction to join: "You can have tea. You can have coffee."
5. Write a sentence using "because".

Challenge Yourself

• Write five sentences using different conjunctions.
• Find three sentences in your textbook that use conjunctions and underline them.

Did You Know?

• The word "conjunction" comes from Latin, meaning "to join together".
• "And" is the most commonly used conjunction in English.

Glossary

• Conjunction: A word that joins words, phrases, or sentences.
• Clause: A group of words with a subject and verb.
• Coordinating: Joining equal parts.
• Subordinating: Joining a dependent part to an independent part.
• Correlative: Conjunctions used in pairs.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. She likes music and dance.
2. He is rich but he is not happy.
3. if
4. Either you can have tea or coffee.
5. (Example: I went home because it was raining.)

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Use conjunctions to connect your ideas and make your writing shine!