English Class 7 - Tenses And-Conjunctions Notes

Tenses and Conjunctions

Welcome to the chapter on Tenses and Conjunctions for Class 7. In this chapter, you will learn how to use different tenses to show time in sentences and how to join ideas using conjunctions. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to write clear and connected sentences using correct tenses and conjunctions!

Introduction

Tenses help us show when something happens—past, present, or future. Conjunctions help us join words, phrases, or sentences to make our writing smooth and meaningful.

Tenses

There are three main tenses in English:

• Present Tense: Shows what is happening now.
  Example: She reads a book.
• Past Tense: Shows what happened before.
  Example: She read a book yesterday.
• Future Tense: Shows what will happen.
  Example: She will read a book tomorrow.

Types of Tenses

• Simple Tense: I play. / I played. / I will play.
• Continuous Tense: I am playing. / I was playing. / I will be playing.
• Perfect Tense: I have played. / I had played. / I will have played.

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that join two or more words, phrases, or sentences.

• and – joins similar ideas
  Example: I like apples and oranges.
• but – shows difference
  Example: She is tall but he is short.
• or – gives a choice
  Example: Do you want tea or coffee?
• because – gives a reason
  Example: I stayed home because it was raining.
• so – shows result
  Example: He was tired, so he slept early.

Fun Activity: Make Sentences!

Write three sentences using different tenses. Then, join two sentences using a conjunction.

Summary

• Tenses show the time of action.
• Conjunctions join words and sentences.
• Using correct tenses and conjunctions makes your writing clear.

Practice Questions

1. Change to past tense: She writes a letter.
2. Join these sentences using "but": He is fast. He is not careful.
3. Write a sentence in future tense.
4. Join these sentences using "because": I wore a raincoat. It was raining.
5. Change to present continuous tense: They play football.

Challenge Yourself

• Write a short paragraph about your day using all three tenses.
• List five conjunctions and use each in a sentence.

Did You Know?

• "And", "but", and "or" are called coordinating conjunctions.
• Tenses help us talk about the past, present, and future clearly.

Glossary

• Tense: Shows the time of action.
• Conjunction: A word that joins words or sentences.
• Past: Time before now.
• Present: Time happening now.
• Future: Time that will happen.

Answers to Practice Questions

1. She wrote a letter.
2. He is fast but he is not careful.
3. (Example: I will visit my friend tomorrow.)
4. I wore a raincoat because it was raining.
5. They are playing football.

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Use tenses and conjunctions to make your writing interesting and clear!